Conference papers
Impact on thermal comfort of conventional and advanced glazed façades in office buildings
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Publication Year:
2012
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Publication Year:
2012
Transparent façades are often used to increase the aesthetic value of the building and to provide visual contact with the outdoor. However, together with several positive features, it should be mentioned that glass façades may reduce the quality of the indoor thermal environment, causing thermal discomfort especially due to overheating in the summer season. The aim of this paper is to compare the implications on thermal comfort of different glazed façades, whose surface temperatures have been monitored during several experimental campaigns. The analyzed glazing systems were double skin façades and non conventional single skin façades integrating different materials (i.e. phase…
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On the proper integration of wood stoves for the space-heating of passive houses
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Publication Year:
2012
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Publication Year:
2012
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Nano insulation materials for energy efficient buildings: from theory to practice
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Publication Year:
2012
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2012
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Investigation of the thermal properties and heat-storage reliability of a paraffin wax for LHTES application under direct solar radiation
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Publication Year:
2012
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Publication Year:
2012
In recent years, Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is becoming more and more important in different engineering applications. As far as the building sector is concerned, TES is considered a crucial feature to reach the net-Zero Energy Building (nZEB) goal. Commonly, TES in building is obtained using the sensible heat property of conventional building materials (building thermal inertia). The drawbacks of this strategy are: the low amount of thermal energy that can be stored; the overheating of the indoor environment that may occur if elevate amount of heat is collected by a conventional building material. On the contrary, the exploitation of…
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A numerical model to evaluate the thermal behaviour of PCM glazing systems
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Publication Year:
2012
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Publication Year:
2012
The adoption of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) in building components is an up-to-date topic and a relevant number of research activities on this issue are currently on the way. A particular application of PCMs in the building envelope focuses on the integration of such a kind of material into transparent envelope components. A numerical model that describes the thermo-physical behaviour of a PCM layer in combination with other transparent materials (i.e. glass panes) has been developed to perform numerical analyses on various PCM glazing systems configurations. The paper illustrates the structure of the model, the main equations implemented and the…
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Conference papers
Energy performance assessment of a responsive building envelope component: Results from a numerical analysis
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Conference papers
Optimal transparent percentage in façade modules for office buildings in a central Europe climate: a case study in Frankfurt
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Publication Year:
2012
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Publication Year:
2012
The building enclosure plays a relevant role in the management of the energy flows in buildings and in the exploitation of the solar energy at building scale. An optimized configuration of the façade can contribute to reduce the total energy demand of the building. Traditionally, the search for the optimal façade configuration is obtained by analyzing the heating demand and/or the cooling demand only, while the implication of the façade configuration on the energy demand for artificial lighting is often not considered, especially during the first stage of the design process. A global approach (i.e. including heating, cooling and artificial…
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Conference papers
Accelerated Laboratory Ageing of Vacuum Insulation Panels
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Investigation of the space-heating using wood stoves in very low-energy houses
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Understanding Net Zero Energy Buildings: Evaluation of load matching and grid interaction indicators
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Zero Emission Building Envelopes - Numerical Simulations of a Well-Insulated Building with Phase Change Material Panels Integrated in the Floor
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Fenestration solutions for zero emission renovation of dwellings
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Strategies for renovation of single family dwellings from the 1980s towards zero energy levels
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Qualitative user evaluation of energy efficient buildings – Case studies of six passive houses and zero-energy buildings
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Numerical Assessment of various PCM glazing system configurations. Energy performance assessment of a responsive building envelope component: Results from a numerical analysis.
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Vacuum and Nanotechnologies for the Thermal Insulation Materials of Beyond Tomorrow - From Concept to Experimental Investigations
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Polystyrene Encapsulated Vacuum Insulation Panels- Heat Transfer Results
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Development of a CO2 emissions accounting method for Norwegian Zero Emission Buildings
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
Energy-plus, zero energy and zero emission buildings denote some of the best buildings of today and the future with respect to energy efficiency and environmental impact. A zero emission building might be defined in different ways. Nevertheless, the main concept is that renewable energy sources produced or transformed at the building site have to compensate for CO2 emissions from operation of the building and for production, transport and demolition of all the building materials and components during the life cycle of the building. In order to fulfill this, CO2 emission data has to be made available and verified for traditional…
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Zero Emission Building Envelopes - Comparison of Floor Constructions with PCM, Wood and Concrete in a Life Cycle Perspective
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
This paper presents a case study of a single-family house, where the effect of using thermal energy storage integrated in the floor is evaluated regarding GHG-emissions during the life cycle. The house has a lightweight wood frame construction, is well insulated, and fulfils the Norwegian energy regulations from 2010. Different floor configurations have been studied, both regarding energy demand and emissions. Floors with PCM panels have been compared with a reference case without thermal energy storage integrated in the floor, and have also been compared with concrete and wood as replacement for the PCM panels. The effect of changing the…
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Properties, Requirements and Possibilities for Traditional, State-of-the-Art and Future Thermal Building Insulation Materials and Solutions
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Zero Emission Building Envelopes - Comparison of Different Wall Constructions in a Life Cycle Perspective
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Investigation of space-heating strategies in very low-energy houses using dynamic simulations: case of decentralized wood stoves approaches
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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The actress concept. A new facade module for low energy buildings
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Retrofitting of Timber Frame Walls by Application of Vacuum Insulation Panels and Investigations of Moisture Robustness
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Publication Year:
2011
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Publication Year:
2011
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Load Matching and Grid Interaction of Net Zero Energy Buildings
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
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Marienlyst skole – Norges første passivhusskole
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
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From Space Habitats to Zero Emission Buildings (ZEBs) - Space Borne ZEB Enabling Technologies
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
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Comfort and Energy Efficiency Recommendations for Net Zero Energy Buildings
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
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Nano Technology and Possibilities for the Thermal Building Insulation Materials of Tomorrow
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
Nanotechnology and possibilities for the thermal building insulation materials of tomorrow are explored within this work. That is, we are looking beyond both the traditional and the state-of-the-art thermal building insulation materials and solutions, e.g. beyond vacuum insulation panels (VIP). Thus advanced insulation material (AIM) concepts like vacuum insulation materials (VIM), gas insulation materials (GIM), nano insulation materials (NIM) and dynamic insulation materials (DIM) are introduced and defined. The VIMs and GIMs have closed pore structures, whereas the NIMs may have either open or closed pore structures. The objective of the DIMs are to dynamically control the thermal insulation material…
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The Thermal Performance of Wall-Integrated Phase Change Material Panels – Hot Box Experiments
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
Phase change materials (PCMs) have opened a new door towards the renewable energy future due to their effective thermal energy storage capabilities. Several products have recently found their way to the market, using various types of PCMs. This paper focuses on one particular wall-board product, integrated in a well-insulated wall constructed of an interior gypsum board, PCM layer, vapor barrier, mineral wool, and a wind barrier. The wall is tested with and without the PCM layer in order to get comparative results. Experiments are conducted in a traditional guarded hot box. The hot box is composed of two full-scale test…
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Accelerated Ageing of Vacuum Insulation Panels
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
Vacuum insulation panels (VIP) is a high performance thermal insulation material solution with thermal conductivity values reaching as low as 4.0 mW/(mK). With time the thermal performance of the VIPs will degrade as moisture and gas permeate through the barrier envelope of the panels. To better evaluate these ageing effects, accelerated ageing experiments are needed. VIPs consist of a porous core of pyrogenic silica (SiO2) and a gas and vapour tight envelope. The external factors that are found to contribute most to ageing of VIPs are temperature, moisture and pressure. Several experiments have been initiated to evaluate the acceleration effects…
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Conference papers
Application of Vacuum Insulation Panels in Retrofitting of Timber Frame Walls – An Experimental and Theoretical Study of Moisture, Thermal Performance and Robustness
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
A large amount of the buildings in Norway is from the 1970s. Many of these buildings have timber frame walls and are now ready to be retrofitted. Application of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) can make it easier to improve the thermal insulation in building walls with a minimal additional thickness. Retrofitting of buildings using VIPs may therefore be done without large changes to the building, e.g. extension of the roof protruding and fitting of windows. Additionally, U-values low enough to fulfil passive house standars or zero energy building requirements may be achieved. Thus, contribute to a reduction of the energy…
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Conference papers
Dynamic Solar Radiation Control in Buildings by Applying Electrochromic Materials
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
Smart windows like electrochromic windows (ECWs) are windows which are able to regulate the solar radiation throughput by application of an external voltage. The ECWs may decrease heating, cooling and electricity loads in buildings by admitting the optimum level of solar energy and daylight into the buildings at any given time, e.g. cold winter climate versus warm summer climate demands. In order to achieve as dynamic and flexible solar radiation control as possible, the ECWs may be characterized by a number of solar radiation glazing factors, i.e. ultraviolet solar transmittance, visible solar transmittance, solar transmittance, solar material protection factor, solar…
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Proposal of a Norwegian ZEB definition: Storylines and Criteria
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
A clear and agreed definition of Zero Emission Building (ZEB) is yet to be achieved, both internationally and in Norway. However, it is understood that both the definition and the surrounding energy supply system will affect significantly the way buildings are designed to achieve the ZEB goal. Since the energy system in Europe is expected to change significantly in the coming decades, especially for electricity, it is indispensable to tie the definition of ZEB to possible scenarios on such development of the energy system. A scenario is defined as a combination of options chosen within a framework of different uncertain…
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ZEB Definition: Assessing the Implications for Design
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
Conceptually a Zero Emission Building (ZEB) is a building with greatly reduced energy demand and able to generate electricity (or other carriers) from renewable sources in order to achieve a carbon neutral balance. However, a rigorous and agreed definition of ZEB is yet to come. A parallel paper in this conference explains how a formal and comprehensive ZEB definition can be based on the evaluation of certain criteria. These criteria are extensively discussed in ongoing projects, both in Norway and internationally. The objective of this paper is to focus on two of these criteria: energy performance and credits used to…
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Conference papers
Nanoelectrochromics with Applied Materials and Methodologies
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
Electrochromic (EC) materials that change their optical transmittance under an external electrical field may form the basis of “smart windows”, which are of great interest in forthcoming building technologies. Nanostructured EC materials or assemblies have revealed remarkable improvement on colouration efficiency and switching time due to their small featured sizes and large surface areas. Here, the recent progress of nanoelectrochromics is reviewed; the scientific and technical issues related to material preparation and device assembly for large-area and large-scale window applications are discussed.
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User evaluations of passive houses and low energy buildings – Literature Review and Further Research
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Publication Year:
2010
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Publication Year:
2010
This paper is based on a review of research that describes user experiences with different types of energy efficient buildings, focusing on indoor climate, technical operation, user attitudes, and general satisfaction. Energy efficient buildings are often rated better than conventional buildings on indoor climate, but when investigating more thoroughly, the users have different concerns. The varying results from the user evaluations reflect that the quality of the buildings differs. However, user concerns may also be a result of inappropriate use. Perceived personal control and sufficient information on operation and use is crucial for an overall positive experience of the building.…
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Architectural integration of photovoltaic cells overview of materials and products from an architectural point of view
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Publication Year:
2012
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Publication Year:
2012
The building skin is often called the third skin of a human being after the body skin and clothes since it provides protection from the elements, creates privacy and provides contact between the indoor and outdoor space. Moreover, it is the most important element regarding the total energy balance of buildings. Solar energy systems, and in particular solar cells, have an important role to play in reducing energy needs of buildings. Several building surfaces are ideally suited for the use of solar panels, but high costs as well as technical and aesthetical considerations have long kept building owners and architects…
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Adaption of buildings to a changing climate in Norway - recent and future research work
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Publication Year:
2009
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Publication Year:
2009
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